SMRL: Stanford NMR Facility and Resource
HOME INSTRUMENTATION NMR TIME USERS &
RESEARCH		 INDUSTRIAL
AFFILIATES		 NEWS &
LINKS

Khosla Group Research at the SMRL
Chaitan S. Khosla

Professor of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry,
and Biochemistry (by courtesy)
(650) 723-6538
ck@chemeng.stanford.edu

Faculty Web Page

Publications:

(Details Below) Li, Q; Khosla, C; Puglisi, JD; Liu, CW (2003) "Solution structure and backbone dynamics of the holo form of the frenolicin acyl carrier protein" BIOCHEMISTRY, 42 4648-4657. PDF PDF


Details:

Solution structure and backbone dynamics of the holo form of the frenolicin acyl carrier protein

Li, Q.; Khosla, C; Puglisi, JD; Liu, CW (2003) BIOCHEMISTRY, 42 4648-4657. PDF PDF

Abstract: During polyketide biosynthesis, acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) perform the central role of transferring polyketide intermediates between active sites of polyketide synthase. The 4'-phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of a holo-ACP is a long and flexible arm that can reach into different active sites and provide a terminal sulfhydryl group for the attachment of acyl groups through a thioester linkage. We have determined the solution structure and characterized backbone dynamics of the holo form of the frenolicin acyl carrier protein (fren holo-ACP) by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Unambiguous assignments were made for 433 hydrogen atoms, 333 carbon atoms, and 84 nitrogen atoms, representing a total of 94.6% of the assignable atoms in this protein. From 879 meaningful NOEs and 45 angle constraints, a family of 24 structures has been calculated. The solution structure is composed of three major alpha-helices packed in a bundle with three additional short helices in intervening loops; one of the short helices slowly exchanges between two conformations. Superposition of the major helical regions on the mean structure yields average atomic rmsd values of 0.49 +/- 0.09 and 0.91 +/- 0.08 Angstroms for backbone and non-hydrogen atoms, respectively. Although the three-helix bundle fold is conserved among acyl carrier proteins involved in fatty acid synthases and polyketide synthases, a detailed comparison revealed that ACPs from polyketide biosynthetic pathways are more related to each other in tertiary fold than to their homologues from fatty acid biosynthetic pathways. Comparison of the free form of ACPs (NMR structures of fren ACP and the Bacillus subtilis ACP) with the substrate-bound form of ACP (crystal structure of butyryl-ACP from Escherichia coli) suggests that conformational exchange plays a role in substrate binding.

Figure Caption. NMR structure of frenolicin holo-ACP. (A) Ensemble of 24 torsion angle dynamics conformers, using the backbone atoms of residues 5-16, 39-52, and 69-77 for superposition. (B) Ribbon diagram of the minimized mean structure of frenolicin holo-ACP. (C) Electrostatic potential surface of frenolicin holo-ACP. Positively charged areas are colored in blue, negatively charged areas are in red, and uncharged areas are in gray. Secondary structure elements are labeled as described in the text [helices (HI, HII, HIII, HI', HII', HIII') and loop (LI)]. Residues identified as undergoing slow conformational exchange (alanine 56, threonine 58, aspartate 59, and glycine 63) are shown as blue spheres mapped onto the ribbon diagrams in (B).
Bio-X Structural Biology School of Medicine Stanford University
© Stanford University, All Rights Reserved.